SOME COMMON VISUAL PROBLEMS
Myopia (Short-sightedess)
Myopic people cannot see distant objects clearly as light is focused in front of the retina instead of on the retina. Myopia can be easily corrected with spectacles and contact lenses.
Hyperopia (Long-sightedess)
The Hyperopic eye focuses light behind the retina (instead of on the retina). A little hyperopia is not a problems because the lens compensates easily, however, if there is a significant amount of hyperopia, the effort of focusing can lead to symptoms. Hyperopic people may have normal vision, but take greater effort to focus (particularly for near tasks such as reading) which can result in tired eyes and headaches. Reading correction helps to relieve the eye strain.
Astigmatism
Astigmatism is when the cornea (front surface of the eye) is shaped like a football (two different curvatures, one steeper than the other) rather than a spherical shape (uniform curvature like a soccer ball). Astigmatism results in distorted vision and can be corrected with spectacles and contact lenses.
Presbyopia
Presbyopia is a common condition that makes near vision blurry due to the lens inside the eye losing its flexibility with age (and thus the ability to focus up close is decreased). Presbyopia is usually first noticed between the ages of 40 to 45 and cannot be prevented as it is due to the ageing process of the lens (presbyopia occurs in everyone).